Aldous Huxleys A Brave New World Essay - 1452 Words

Aldous Huxleys A Brave New World The New World, a man-made Utopia, governed by its motto, Community, Identity, Stability (Huxley 3). A man-made world in every way. Human beings fertilized in bottles. Identity, gender, intelligence, position in society, all predestined. Human beings classified in the order of precedence: Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Epsilon. Every one conditioned to be a certain way. Every one works for every one else (Huxley, 74). All man-made to ensure social stability. Is society in the New World truly better than in the 2000s? Are people in the New World truly happier than we are in the 2000s? Do we in the 2000s have any thing in common with the New World? Are there significant sociological differences between†¦show more content†¦Ã…   What with mothers and lovers, what with the prohibitions they were not conditioned to obey, they were forced to feel strongly. And feeling strongly (and strongly, what was more, in solitude, in hopelessly individual isolation), how could they be stable? (Huxley 41). Feeling strongly toward any thing creates individual instability. Individual instability equals social instability. Civilized people of the New World are fertilized in bottles; thus, they have no parents. No parents, no mothers, no families to create emotions and boundaries. Hence, individual stability. Individual stability equals social stability. Civilized people, from childhood on, learned from hypnopaedia . Every one, as embryos were conditioned for their predestined station in life. Everyone will be happy with their predestined inescapable destiny because they are conditioned to be. Happiness is part of social stability. The majority of adults in the 90s hope that our children will practice abstinence. We hope our children will not have sexual relations at an early age. We hope our children will wait until they are mature of the mind to understand the responsibilities of sex. We hope our children will respect their bodies. In our society, promiscuity is frowned upon. To many of us, monogamy is good.Show MoreRelatedAldous Huxleys Brave New World1958 Words   |  8 Pagescognitive abilities, which include increased attention span and cognition span. Drugs like OxyContin have also been used to help with empathy, and to make people feel happier. It may be believed that a drug like soma was only possible in Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World, but perhaps not. Utilitarian’s have been pushing for human enhancement that uses drugs, genetic engineering and nanotechnology to ensure the maximum amount of happiness possible while attempting to eliminate any pain. Proponents believeRead MoreAn Analysis of Aldous Huxleys Brave New World699 Words   |  3 Pagessoma?: Teens and distracted driving Aldous Huxleys Brave New World portrays a future dystopia in which all the inhabitants merely live for pleasure. All of the characters focus on enjoying things in the moment rather than allow themselves to experience unpleasant truths regarding the past or future. The society even denies death and encourages children to laugh and play around dying people to desensitize the next generation. However, as awful as Huxleys vision may be, some of the warped thinkingRead MoreAldous Huxleys Brave New World Essay1423 Words   |  6 PagesExamined in Brave New World Huxley observes in his work, Brave New World that the modern world revolves around technological development. The aspirations and morals of modern society do not entirely rely on social issues such as love, family, and success but rather on industrial progress and social development. According to Huxley, technological improvement and growth are critical factors that shape the operation and activities in modern society. So far, community members need to observe the world as technologicallyRead MoreAnalysis of Aldous Huxleys Brave New World1452 Words   |  6 Pages In our world, there is a plethora of societies. Different societies have different approaches to freedom, and have different ideas of what freedom is. In our society, we are taught that freedom is something that everybody should have no matter who they are or where they are from. In A Brave New World, Huxley gives us two examples of societies. These societies are the World State and the Reservation and they both have very different types of and views on freedom. By using these two examples and providingRead MoreCivilization Is Sterilization in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World1045 Words   |  4 PagesCivilization is Sterilization In Aldous Huxleys Brave New World (1932), the Fordist system of mass production and consumption allows governments/business to establish dependencies and control of the people in a totalitarian way. The entire society of the World State in this dystopian novel revolves around Fordism, including the way their dates begin in 1908, the year that the first Model-T rolled off the assembly line. Every year after that is considered A.F. or After Ford, instead of the ChristianRead More Aldous Huxleys Brave New World Essay779 Words   |  4 Pages In the quot;Brave New Worldquot; of 632 A. F. (After Ford), universal human happiness has been achieved. (Well, almost.) Control of reproduction, genetic engineering, conditioning--especially via repetitive messages delivered during sleep--and a perfect pleasure drug called quot;Somaquot; are the cornerstones of the new society. Reproduction has been removed from the womb and placed on the conveyor belt, where reproductive workers tinker with the embryos to produce various grades of humanRead More Society Exposed in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World Essay880 Words   |  4 PagesSociety Exposed in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World One may think that the society in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World is a gross representation of the future, but perhaps our society isn’t that much different. In his foreword to the novel Brave New World, Aldous Huxley envisioned this statement when he wrote: To make them love it is the task assigned, in present-day totalitarian states, to ministries of propaganda.... Thus, through hypnopaedic teaching (brainwashing), mandatory attendanceRead MoreIndividualism And Individuality In Aldous Huxleys Brave New World1546 Words   |  7 PagesRalph Waldo Emerson once said, â€Å"To be yourself in a world that is constantly trying to make you something else is the greatest accomplishment†. And how true that is. We learn from a young age that it is better to fit in than stand out and that if one does stand out they will be ridiculed and teased into conforming. Our society stifles individuality and hides how they truly feel in order to fit in. Not only that, but we tend t o stifle emotions in our society just as much as individualism. We refuseRead MoreMustafa Mond And Aldous Huxleys Brave New World1001 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Civil Disobedience†, and Aldous Huxley would greatly agree with the phrase. In Huxley’s novel, Brave New World, he creates a world dominated by the tyrannical leader Mustafa Mond. Mond’s way of ruling is very similar to that of Henry Ford, and Huxley draws attention to parallels between Ford and Mond throughout the book. He mocks their style of leadership, which values science over nature, and demonstrates the detrimental effects of it. In Aldous Huxley’s work, Brave New World, he utilizes the characterRead MoreEssay on Aldous Huxleys Brave New World1949 Words   |  8 Pagesof the savage reservation in New Mexico. Despite not being introduced until Chapter 7, John is seen as the centralizing character of the novel. Unlike the rest of his community, he is educated. When Lenina and Bernard come across John during their trip, they soon realize John’s biological father is the Director, Thomas. Once reaffirming this, Bernard and Lenina offer to bring John and Linda back to the World State. Hoping to connect better to the people in the World State, John gladly accepts. It

The Effects Of Fast Food On The Environment - 3493 Words

The well being of the environment concerns every individual who calls Earth home. The preponderance of people are well aware of the planet’s environmental crisis, but becoming independent from fossil fuels and minimizing their emissions is the issue most commonly discussed. However, the way the world eats, specifically Americans, is too often omitted from the environmental picture. In 2010, Americans spent $170 billion on fast food; more than they spent on higher education, personal computers, cars, or books. While overeating this type of food comes with negative personal health effects, the long term, big-picture problem with fast food is its negative effect on the environment, which lies in the way food is produced today. In recent years, farms have become industrialized, slowly but surely making the transition from farm to factory. This issue, in which plant and animal farms are both culprits, is the root of the negative effects of food on the environment and why it has r ecently become such a pressing matter. While industrial farming is the origin of the problem, in order to stop monocultural, nonorganic farms from flourishing, consumers must take the initiative to stop buying products coming from these farms so the world’s food market will evolve to fit its environmental needs. Food is the basis of many traditions around the world and most cultures and individuals would be reluctant to change the food that shapes their traditions or the food they simply enjoy eating.Show MoreRelatedEssay about Fast Food is Destroying America1477 Words   |  6 Pagesprovide food that customers love, day after day after day. People just want more of it† (Ray Kroc, Founder of McDonald’s). Coronary Artery Disease is a type of heart disease and the most common cause of heart attacks. Plaque from eating unhealthy foods, builds up in the arteries, the arteries harden and begin to become narrow and can cause chest pain and heart attacks. â€Å"Obesi ty is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on healthRead MoreThe Consequences Of Fast Food Industry1469 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence of the fast food industry. Drastically ¬ forcing our generation, to transform our lifestyle in order to fully adapt the social, health and economical state we live in. Our family structures have evolved forcefully, as the demand of easy, efficient, manageable meals are now within a reach of a hand. This sets the foundation of the fast developing industry. Maximizing their profits to the extent of risking the innocent delicate lives, as we ingest the dirty, artificial food, we are the onesRead MoreMcdonald s Strength And Weakness1280 Words   |  6 Pagesworld’s largest and most globally known fast food restaurant, which serves approximately 69 million consumers daily. This report will evaluate McDonald’s strength and weakness in terms of their ethical claims. T he main aim of this report is to consider the reasons why McDonalds has been criticized by most of its consumers in terms of its pollution to its environment and the destruction natural rain forest, furthermore this report will discuss the nutrition effect McDonalds has on its consumers and theRead MoreEating Environments Contribute to Obesity1692 Words   |  7 PagesFood and eating environments contribute to the increase in cases of not only obesity also chronic diseases.Its a basic necessity of a child in their growing age to have a nutritious and healthy deit because of its delicious taste. However as it has been witness eating habits have shifted alaramingly over the last couple of decades. Fast foods such as burgers, pizzas,subways and many more are now commonly consumed foods in almost every household all over Pakistan now. Such foods originated in theRead MoreEating Food Policy Regulations And Food Choices1256 Words   |  6 Pagesof causing food shortage for other human beings, destroying the natural environment, inhuman treatment of animals in pursuit of food options, exploitative labour practices, breaking the food policy regulations and most important eating unhealthy. Eating ethically refers to the consequences that arise from the food choices human beings make for themselves and the effects to the respective concerns. The American population is very large.an attempt to feed such a ;arge population is a food choice thatRead MoreFood Nation : The Dark Side Of The All American Meal1299 Words   |  6 PagesIMPLICATIONS OF PROCESSED FOODS TO HUMAN HEALTH Processed foods, refers to any deliberate alteration or modification of foodstuff before its availability for consumption. These alterations ranges from simple undertakings such as drying or freezing food for nutrients and freshness preservation to complex undertakings such as formulation of a frozen meal with the correct balance of ingredients and nutrients. Nowadays, processed foods have become a large part of the human food industry and this has beenRead MoreMcdonalds Case Analysis1362 Words   |  6 PagesMcDonalds Case Analysis The most important general environmental factors to be considered for the industry and McDonalds include its demographic, sociocultural, global, and physical environment segmentations. The demographic segment is important in terms of this industry because of the consumers that make up the fast-food industry. The demographic segment associated with McDonalds consists of a wide range of consumers with their new and improved menu that offers the success of the new dollar menu toRead MoreArgumentative Essay : Argumentative Synthesis1734 Words   |  7 PagesSynthesis As we begin the 21st century, the preservation and concern with our world environment becomes more of a highlighted issue. Authors such as Michael Pollan in his article â€Å"Escape from the Western Diet†, and Jonathan Safran Foer who wrote â€Å"Against Meat† both mention in their essays the negative impact fast food has created on our environment due to the method of factory farming. Foer quotes using reports from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN â€Å"Factory farming has made animal agricultureRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic in America Essays1082 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican’s are obese because of poor food choices, over-eating, genetic disposition, lack of exercise, or the environment which one lives, while others blame it all on fast-food chains and restaurants. Throughout my research I have come to find a lot of facts and statistics about fast food consumption causing obesity. Statistics show that without a doubt the United States is the mo st obese country in the world. Since Americans typically live hectic lifestyles, fast food is a quick and easy way to grabRead MoreFast-Food, Causes And Effects Of Fast Food1348 Words   |  6 Pagesthe growing epidemics in America is the fact that people seem to be eating too much fast food that is causing obesity. Not only does fast food cause obesity but you are also at risk of other illnesses such as, heart disease, diabetes, and blood pressure. The leading cause is due to all the fast food that we have available at all times. Everywhere you look you see billboards, commercials, and restaurants. Fast food is also very addictive and is what can cause a person to become obese. And it also has

HRM Case Johnson Assosciates Free Essays

This case is about a software consulting firm, Johnson and Associates. The business was established in 1989 by James and Michael Johnson. The two brothers opened the business at a time when the computer market was prospering and the software market was estimated to grow from 17% to 20% worldwide. We will write a custom essay sample on HRM Case Johnson Assosciates or any similar topic only for you Order Now Their plan was to concentrate on three target markets for their products which included health and racquet clubs, independent insurance agents and wholesale distribution companies. The product that was being offered by the firm was a software that would automate day-to-day operational tasks for users and provide marketing information. The name of the software was ‘Club-Kit. Contrary to what the prevalent trend, the firm was focusing on one product. Generally in the market. Firms with many products were more successful. This was a problem for them, along with the fact that copies of successful software were made by competition and this declined the profit margin for the firms involved. The firm comprised of four individuals, two brothers and two friends of theirs. James Johnson was the rains behind the product and had an inclination towards technology. Michael on the other hand was more charismatic and was responsible for marketing the product. Jackson and Wilson were the two friends on board with the venture. They had launched the business and were looking for ways to market the product. For that purpose Johnson and Associates should keep in mind the marketing mix elements in order to obtain success. The elements include distribution, price, promotion and the product itself. Mainstream advertising was a very costly option and the new firm couldn’t afford it. The firm should rely on personal selling to a large extent and on advertisements in trade journals. Since Michael is a charismatic person he should go individually to people and try to market the product. Secondly trade journals are a very economical option for telling the details about the software. It could make many people aware of the company and the product. Incidentally, the general trend was that Service and Support, instruction, distribution and marketing presence were key components to the success of specialized software. Hence the firm should focus on extending their reach as much as they can as they were focusing on just one specialized software. The decision of pricing the software had a divided vote, while two members were for keeping the price of the software fixed, the other two wanted it to be negotiable in order to attract customers. However I believe that they should set the price of the software at 700$. The overall reduction in price should be due to hardware, which wouldn’t cause a decline in their profits. How to cite HRM Case Johnson Assosciates, Papers

Women of the 50s free essay sample

When you read a magazine or watch a TV advertisement about men and women, does it ever cross your mind that women are always subordinated in those ads? You very rarely see men in kitchen related advertisements, and if they are in those ads, they are always in a dominant position compared to the females. The truth is that we, as men, have allowed the gender roles to take place and be the norm in our society. This is not only a current issue, in fact it has been happening for quite a while. Even as far back as the 1950’s, women were placed in a gender disgracing role where they are always bending over backwards for men or being made inferior to them. In the 1950’s, women were thought to be placed at a man’s feet, doing anything and everything for them without question. Does this gender role still exist in modern society? Or did we get rid of it after the controversial 50’s ads appeared in public settings? Have you ever tried to open a ketchup bottle? It’s pretty easy, and pretty much anyone can do it. In the 1950’s, society looked down upon women so much that they didn’t even believe a woman could open a bottle of ketchup without a man’s help. The ad being analyzed depicts a woman holding a bottle of ketchup, and staring at the reader with her mouth open in a surprised fashion. The caption under the advertisement says â€Å"You mean a woman can open it? † This astonished me greatly because I have never seen such a sexist ad before and realized it. Basically, the ad is saying that a woman cannot normally open a ketchup bottle by herself because she is too weak and fragile compared to men. The scheme of the advertisers for this ketchup brand wanted to show women that they can open the bottle without the help of a man, so that their husbands are more pleased with the food or whatever the ketchup was being used for when they get back from their jobs. The 1950’s were a time where women were mainly housewives, and were rarely ever seen in the workplace, especially on the same level as men. Because this was the case, women were thought to be much more inferior to men in everything that could be done. A woman’s place was the household, where she looked after her husband and all his belongings while he was gone making money at work, and when the man of the house gets back, everything was expected to be ready and the woman at the feet of her husband. Inferiority is terrible, no man or woman is inferior to one another, no matter how different they may look. Women have always been treated as inferior to men, even in the 1950’s. There is an ad from the 50’s that shows a woman laying down, naked but covering herself, looking adoringly at a single shoe, a man’s shoe. The caption in the ad reads â€Å"Keep her where she belongs†¦Ã¢â‚¬  which is directly stating that a woman belongs at a man’s feet. This advertisement is basically stating the view society had of women in the 1950’s, a view that women have no say in anything and should always be ready to do anything for the man that supports them. This view of women shockingly still exists even in our modern and developed society. We constantly pressure women into being more sophisticated and beautiful for our own sakes rather than their own. Men still have more power in government and businesses than women do, even in areas where you would think women would be more knowledgeable. There are other reasons why we believe women to be inferior to men as well, such as the fact that we were raised believing that we will grow up to be the bread-winners of our families and that the women should take care of us because of our more important role. Van Heusen, a formal attire designer, has been around for almost a century now. When you think of dress shirts, suits, and ties, how could they possibly put women in a humiliating position? In the advertisement for Van Heusen ties for the 1950’s, a woman is shown giving her husband breakfast in bed, and her husband is wearing a dress shirt and a Van Heusen tie. This ad puts women in a bad view because it is showing them in a housewife position to a man who is dressed up for work. The man in the ad is ready for work and lying in bed waiting for his wife to bring him food. The woman is kneeling on the side of the bed putting a tray with a full breakfast in front of her husband. The woman, while doing this, is in a bathrobe with her hair and make-up done. The caption in the ad, saying â€Å"Show her it’s a man’s world†, helps to explain that the ad is saying that if a man is wearing Van Heusen, his wife is required to bend over backwards and do anything he says. The ad itself is very sexist towards women because it puts women in a servant-like position rather than a wife and equal. Life must have been tough for women in the 1950’s, when they are being so mistreated in the eyes of the public. It is almost certain that gender roles such as the women being in their â€Å"right place† still exist today, although they may not be as prevalent as they were in the 50s. Men had social authority over women, so no one was able to step up and put a stop to the objectification of women. Now, however, women have much more power than they did in the past because of the rise of feminist groups and organizations fighting for equality between men and women. Women are now holding much higher and much more professional jobs rather than the â€Å"1950’s housewife† position. Society can benefit greatly from gender equality as long as it is enforced and approached properly by the right people.

The Red Room by HG Wells with The Signalman by Charles Dickens Essay Example For Students

The Red Room by HG Wells with The Signalman by Charles Dickens Essay The to stories that Im going to compare are The Red Room by H. G. Wells and The Signalman by Charles Dickens. The Red Room was written in the pre 20th century and The Signalman was written earlier. Both stories are of a gothic genre. The authors try to keep the reader gripped until the ending in different ways. Charles Dickens uses strange happenings to get you gripped to reading the book e. g. The narrator calls down at the signalman but instead of looking up to see who is calling, he looks the other way down the track. This happens at the beginning of the story which is effective because it gets the reader asking questions about the story. Also H G Wells uses strong words to describe things e. g. steeped in the glow an angry sunset|. This use of personification angry is effective because it gives the reader a clearer view of what is happening. H G Wells creates suspense by repeating Its your own choosing. This is a warning for the narrator from the man with the withered arm. The narrator has come to prove his point that there is no such thing as the supernatural but the man with the withered arm tries his best to persuade him otherwise. H G Wells creates a weird atmosphere. All the characters in the story are odd in different ways; there is a man with a withered arm, pale eyes, monstrous shadow. This creates tension by getting the reader to ask questions about the characters and the gothic theme. H G Wells also describes the house as weird by giving it queer old mirrors and creaking doors. We will write a custom essay on The Red Room by HG Wells with The Signalman by Charles Dickens specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This also adds to the gothic theme, he repeats the warning This night of all nights through the story. This again is trying to persuade the narrator otherwise of his current thoughts. The Signalman starts in a weird way, the narrator calls down to the signalman but he doesnt acknowledge him, this weirdness suggests a gothic story. The story is written in the first person, this has the effect o seeing the story through the narrators eyes giving us a better picture of whats happening. As a reader you have plunged straight into the mystery. The main character, (The Signalman) begins the weird happenings within the first paragraph, setting a weird feel. This has a big effect on the initial atmosphere of the story as the reader begins asking questions in his head about the story. The tense atmosphere continues throughout, The Signalman. The Red Room is written in the first person. The effect of this is that you can see through his eyes and have a better picture of what is happening. You also get a better view of the gothic genre. Because of the thorough descriptions. This story doesnt put us straight into a false sense of security instead it gradually builds suspense. The suspense in The Red Room plummets and climbs a lot, it isnt a constant suspense. This gives the reader the time to prepare for the next shock. We learn at the beginning of the story that the narrator isnt easily scared and doesnt believe in the supernatural. I can assure you said I that it will take a very tangible ghost to frighten me. The greatest suspense begins when the narrator makes his way towards the red room. The long, draughty, subterranean passage was chilly and dusty, and my candle flared and made the shadows cower and quiver. On entering the red room the narrator is quite calm. My mind however was perfectly clear. I postulated quite unreservedly that nothing supernatural could happen and he doesnt believe, but when he comes back out of the room he believes and then is scared. The worst of all the things that haunted poor mortal man said I and that is, in all its nakedness-fear! To get a gothic atmosphere the other characters are weird. .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 , .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 .postImageUrl , .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 , .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544:hover , .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544:visited , .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544:active { border:0!important; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544:active , .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544 .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u474b67be03c5969bf33084298c3ac544:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 1984 Analytical Journal EssayThe old woman speaks to the narrator without looking him in the eye and breaks into conversation. Theres a man with a funny eye and a man with a withered arm. Both these stories are of the same genre but are different in the way that they create an atmosphere and bring it to a climax. The characters in the stories create atmosphere in different ways also. The Signalman creates tension by acting weird. The characters in The Red Room are also weird but are in a physical way. In my opinion both stories are as good as each other because of the interesting techniques used.

Marco Polo essays

Marco Polo essays Marco polo was born 1254 AD and died 1324 AD. He was a traveler and author and his experiences in China influenced interest in Asian trade. Marco polo was born in Venice. Venice was a very important center of trade in medieval Europe many of the goods that were traded include silk porclin and other goods from china. Very little is known about Marco pools early life. Marco polo probably received a typical education included in read, write, and calculate. Marco Polos writings are the primary source of information about the travels of his father and uncle, Niccoli and Maffeo Polo, who were jewel merchants. Marcos father, Niccoli left on an exploring venture when Marcos mother was pregnant with Marco. They left Venice in 1260 on a commercial venture to the Black Sea ports of Constantinople. In 1262 a war broke out behind them and prevented them from returning home, so they processed farther east to the great central Asian trading city of Buhoro. After three years they joined a mission going to the ruler of China. The ruler of China welcomed them and asked them to teach him more about the religion of Christianity. The brothers returned to Europe to ask the pope to help. On Niccolis and Maffeos trip back to China in 1271, with the pope, to teach them more about Christianity, Niccolos son Marco went with them. Due to bad weather during the trip, the rest of the missionaries turned back. The three Polos continued the trip. In 1275 they reached the home of Kublai Khan, the ruler of China. Again, from Marcos writings, the ruler of China welcomed them warmly. The Polos spent the next 17 years in China. Kublai Khan liked Marco because he was a good storyteller. The ruler of China sent Marco on many diplomatic missions throughout his empire. Marco told Kublai Khan many interesting stories and observations about the lands he visited. The ruler of China eventually made Marco ...

Research proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Research proposal - Essay Example It is generally believed that brands have personalities just as humans do. Brand personality is seen as a valuable factor in creating an attachment and bonding with the product in the same say as human create attachment and bonding. The similar measures of personality attributes and factors are used in the promotion of brands. Since it is commonly used by a wide variety of products, this research would aim to ascertain to what extent having a brand personality increases consumers’ brand loyalty. The definition of brand personality differs and so do the attributes that are applicable across different nations. Literature is available on how a brand owner could use brand personality as a way to build and maintain brands. Literature is also available on the packaging as a means of building brand personality. Brand image differs across goods and services. Very little literature is available on celebrity endorsement enhance the brand image and builds brand personality although it is often seen to be very effective. The researches conducted so far express the need that brand personality represents an extensive field for research. Celebrities like David Beckham are lending their names and the brand owners are capitalizing on this concept. It is essential to determine to what extent celebrity endorsement helps in creating brand image and establish the brand. To what extent is celebrity endorser important in building brand personality and how these influence consumers’ decisions? Because of the diverse literature available, it is important to understand how the consumer perceives the brand. The first questions deals with the different forms in which brand personality is communicated. This includes packaging, advertising, positioning etc. The Big Five personality traits that influence personality traits have to be studied in detail as authors have diverse opinion and priorities in this area. Again, these could

Gender Gap Between Male and Female Obstetrics and Gynecology Essay

Gender Gap Between Male and Female Obstetrics and Gynecology - Essay Example This gender gap is not only in Britain but in the United States as well and hence making the gender gap continue to increase (Higham and Philip 142). Male as well as female medical students all receive the same kind of training in medical colleges on gynecological and obstetrician training and are therefore competent. This, therefore, means that female patients should not be afraid to be examined by the male doctors because they may even have more experience and expertise than some of the female ob-gyns when it comes to diagnosis and even treatment (Tseng and Jon Mark 17). The lack of involvement or totally keeping male students out of this field of medicine shuts men out of women’s health issues including the issues on reproduction especially relating to contraceptive which should be a shared decision between men and women (Boulis and Jerry 154). There will also be a lack of gender equality which is being advocated for in society in all careers and also there will be a lack of future role models in the society. Higham, Jenny, and Philip, Steer. â€Å"Gender gap in undergraduate experience and performance in obstetrics and gynecology: analysis of clinical experience logs.†

Gerontology Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gerontology - Term Paper Example The sociological elements encompass issues such as individual relations with certain cultures, guidelines as well as aspects that bring or make the civilization appear in order. According to scholars in biological and related fields, aging process begins, immediately; an individual starts to live with the development of certain structures that do not appear before a person is born. During the aging progression, the bodies and mind commences developments until they reach a period that they are being considered mature (Hogstel, 2001). In the early years of growth and development of human beings, various factors affect the levels of development with regards to the bodily and mental developments. The factors that influence the way people develop both mentally and psychically include genetics, and other individual attributes, family backgrounds and other related factors. Correspondingly, the progression through the other levels of development such as adulthood gain much influences from in dividual health, mindsets and behaviors concerning various aspects of existence. Therefore, aging cannot be taken as a straightforward process restricted to bodily wellness and loss of healthiness. Aging can be considered an intricate procedure that is attributed to many factors including the individual and social elements. Over the years, the matter of aging has received much attention as evident with the augmenting edification of health and social workers concerning matters of aging. Similarly, research has been performed concerning the aging group thus presenting basis for understanding and dealing with matters associated with aging (Hogstel, 2001). The research conducted concerning aging assists health workers, and related professionals to manage or take care of individuals at the old age, and offering solutions to various problems that arise with old age. Recently, gerontological nursing has markedly acquired the needed thrust in the nursing discipline with the numerous cases o f aging groups coupled with extensive research. In doing this, numerous challenges exhibited within the gerontology field can be effectively managed through acquisition of necessary information concerning this population (Hogstel, 2001). Nevertheless, the nursing sector had experienced problems in handling this component of the populace since little information and facilities to offer the services and trainings are available. In relation to nursing coupled with gerontology, various terms are exploited interchangeably in order to bring out the relations between the two concepts. According to nursing geriatric nursing is considered, a concept that concerns treatment old persons experiencing health problems. Geriatric nursing can also be attributed to the investigation of illnesses and other health problems that affect the old age, as well as, their subsequent analysis and treatment. In geriatric nursing, considerable emphasis is applied in the significance of social and psychological factors during the treatment of people experiencing various problems in their old age. According to geriatrics, the lifestyles exhibited by individuals at their old ages profoundly affects their health status implying that enhanced and monitored lifestyles can serve, as tools, to alleviate certain health problems (Hogstel, 2001). In contrast, gerontological

History Of Why Learn Japanese English Language Essay

History Of Why Learn Japanese English Language Essay In todays world where so many activities, both national and personal, occur on a global scale, the study of a language in school and beyond develops the students intercultural competence. It enables them to enter into a challenging intercultural exchange to broaden their perspective, to deepen their capacity to understand and ultimately to deal with the unfamiliar and the unexpected. With over 130 million native speakers and a growing number of non-native speakers, Japanese is the 10th most spoken. Many believe that mastering the Japanese language is the key to engaging with the country. For students who have never been exposed to non-Western cultures, the study of Japanese opens the door to Asia. For students, it is a venue in which to understand their cultural heritage. Japan has the 2nd largest economy in the world. Just by learning Japanese can bring you many business opportunities. A key in winning their business might be being able to communicate with potential customers in their own language. Understanding the Japanese work ethic, their business etiquette, and knowing which cultural faux pas to avoid can often make or break an important business deal. Also to get a better understanding of the Asian market. In addition, when learning Japanese, you become not only proficient in the language but also gain an insider view of the culture. There is an explosion of the many cultural exports that can be found in Japan. From anime to food, karaoke to kimonos, Japanese culture is rich with both contemporary and traditional cultural ways. This unique culture determines the way they interact, react and behave in their daily lives. A knowledge of the language will give you direct access to Japanese film, animations, and comic books, give you insight into the special terminology used in your favourite martial art, and develop your ability to order sashimi like a native at your favourite Japanese restaurant! In addition to what they learn of the language and culture, they will also acquire basic language learning strategies, higher thinking skills, and broader perspectives from their Japanese studies. The benefits for students of learning Japanese can be considered in both the short term and the long term. In the short term, students can look forward to unique activities relating to a completely different culture from their own. They can enjoy fun activities in class, or even hosting a Japanese exchange student. There is always the motivation and pleasure of learning something new and different in Japanese. Furthermore, learning any foreign language, especially Japanese, teaches a student new learning skills, such as ways to increase concentration, memorization, and listening. Studies have shown that these new cognitive skills often improve students performance in other subjects as well. Finally, learning such a unique and special language often gives children a sense of self-confidence and pride they may not have had before. In the long term, a student learns many other important things through the study of Japanese. The value of persistence and respect for other cultures are two of the most important long-term benefits. Learning any foreign language, especially one as different from English as Japanese, helps one to look more critically at ones native language and understand it at a deeper level. Similarly, because it leads to the acquisition of critical communication skills, learning one foreign language is often a jumping-off point for people to learn other languages within their lifetime. Opportunity is possibly the most important long-term benefit of learning Japanese. A child can make lifelong friends and increase his or her opportunity to see Japan in a way most others cannot. In the global community we now live in, having the ability to speak Japanese not only opens doors in higher education and in employment in Japan-related fields, but shows employers that one is intelligent, unique, and globally conscious. The newest opportunity that has arisen for students of Japanese is, of course, a chance to get ahead in college through AP Japanese. In todays competitive collegiate environment, having taken AP courses and passed AP Exams can be a big help in getting into a better college or university. Most colleges and universities treat having passed an AP Exam as college credit, a policy that lightens students course loads and allows them to concentrate on other courses, earn double majors, or simply graduate in less time. Studying Japanese means learning a language that is so different from English that it will make you rethink your most basic assumptions about the way language works. It means learning to conjugate your verbs according not just to tense but also to politeness. It means getting used to the idea that adjectives can have a past tense. It means doing without plurals, choosing among dozens of different words for I, and learning to wait for the verb until the very end of the sentence. Japanese is difficult in ways that European languages are not, but it is also surprisingly easy in ways that they can be difficult. There is no subjunctive mood to worry about, no grammatical gender, no definite or indefinite articles, and no complex conjugations according to person. It is also extremely easy to pronounce Japanese. The Japanese language has a number of dialects, some of which are mutually unintelligible. Thanks to the development of mass communications and the governments directive to establish a common language, however, most people now speak a common tongue. Learning Japanese can and will open many door for you in the future. You just have try your best and have a goal and strive towards it.

Free Waste Land Essays: Underlying Myths in The Waste Land :: T.S. Eliot Waste Land Essays

Underlying Myths in The Waste Land The underlying myths that Eliot uses to provide a framework for "The Waste Land" are those of the Fisher King and the Grail Quest. Both of these myths come to Christian civilization through the ancient Gaelic tradition. Neither is found in the Bible, but both were important enough to Europeans that there was a need to incorporate them into the new European mythology, and so the stories became centered on the story of the death and resurrection of Jesus. Other examples of these myths can be found in Eschenbach's Parsifal, in de Troyes' Quest of the Grail, and in the various stories of the grail quest surrounding King Arthur and his knights. It is described in works of anthropology, as well, two of which Eliot recommends to readers: Jessie L. Weston's From Ritual to Romance and Sir James Frazier's Golden Bough. In the Fisher King stories, a journeyer comes to a barren land and discovers a wounded king whose wound has caused the land to become sterile. In some cases, the wounding of the king was sexual in nature. Because these ancient peoples believed that the king and the land were united as one and that they reflected on each other, it was necessary to heal the king in order to heal the land. The journeyer then needs to undertake a quest (which fits the archetypal hero's journey pattern) to heal the wounded king and, through him, the land. In the Grail legends, which are frequently intertwined with the Fisher King legends, a questor searches throughout the land for the Holy Grail, undergoing tests of purity, his character, and his dedication to the quest on the way. The nature of the Grail differs from one account to another: It is sometimes thought of as a cup which caught the blood of Christ when he was pierced by a spear while hanging on the cross (which may be derived from the Celtic l egends describing the Grail as a cauldron of rebirth which allowed resurrection to warriors killed in battle but did not allow them to speak of the experience of rebirth -- a pattern into which the story of Lazarus roughly falls), and it is sometimes thought to be a stone (in Eschenbach's Parsifal, the Grail is described as a gem struck from the crown of Lucifer when he was ejected from Heaven).

C1: white an introduction which explains why it is important to plan to meet the care and learning needs of all children Essay

In this research task I will be explaining the importance of meeting the care and learning needs of all children and referring to various legislation and a theoretical perspective which supports this research and legislation Planning to meet the care and learning needs of all children is crucial to their wellbeing, growth and development. Early years practitioners must always follow and understand the standard care needs of children which are set out by the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS). These guidelines help support and allow practitioners to know how to meet and plan for children’s learning and care needs to give them the best possible start in life. Care needs have been researched by theorists like John Bowlby and Maslow; they have both shown that to achieve and develop in life it is important to have confidence and positive self-esteem. See more: how to write an introduction paragraph Maslow’s hierarchy of needs explains human behaviour and shows the important in terms of basic requirements. Other theorists like Brunner, Piaget and Vygotsky look at the way children learn. Appropriate provision is important for children as this covers all aspects from stage of development, age and special learning needs that might be in the setting. Ensuring that practitioners take into account any learning needs is very important. Practitioners provision will be allowing for any children with additional needs e.g. hearing impairment, physical needs, eye problems, speech impairment are given the required help and support which will suit that child’s individual needs to help them learn and develop. If a child wasn’t given support when needed they can become very behind and won’t be able to learn the way they have the right to learn. Children can become very reclusive and lack confidence if they are singled out or excluded, so giving them the right support they need will benefit them and help them progress. In practice there was a girl who couldn’t walk unaided, she had a walker for mobility. The girl hasn’t as yet been diagnosed with anything but every in the nursery were accepting and supportive. If she need to sit down we would help her, if she wanted to go outside we would make sure she was able to do it herself. When we had a standing activity we made sure there was a chair close in case she needed to sit down, we had tables that were longer so she could stand up if she wanted to and have her walker behind her for support. We never excluded her from an activity and we changed activity plans to suit her needs. View as multi-pages

Indian Writing in English- Nissim Ezekiel Essay

Indian poetry has flourished over the last 4000 years. Today, it is composed and written in more than twenty Indian languages, including English. It has always echoed the voice of the times and revealed the pains and passions of the people. Its growth has also reflected our rich cultural heritage. The history of Indian poetry makes us aware of its glorious past in contrast to its present state. Today, as the world is shrinking and the communication network projecting man on the global scene much faster, the past values are getting lost in the struggle man is involved with. Issues confronting man have multiplied and so have his efforts for survival. Poetry today is facing the test of time. Poets need to be organized more vigorously than in the past to voice effectively their innermost thoughts and interact with each other more often. Giving away of awards to some of the few distinguished ones is not enough. Poets in India need to be encouraged in their creativity if we expect their contributions to transform our society. New life is to be given to old values which had stood us in good stead for so long. The poets should come to the forefront to undertake this job. As such, organized efforts need to be made to promote the production and publication of good Indian poetry. Poetry written in different parts of India needs to be collected, interpreted and propagated. Indian English literature (IEL) refers to the body of work by writers in India who write in the English language and whose native or co-native language could be one of the numerous languages of India. It is also associated with the works of members of the Indian diaspora, such as V. S. Naipaul, Kiran Desai, Jhumpa Lahiri and Salman Rushdie, who are of Indian descent. It is frequently referred to as Indo-Anglian literature. (Indo-Anglian is a specific term in the sole context of writing that should not be confused with the term Anglo-Indian). As a category, this production comes under the broader realm of postcolonial literature- the production from previously colonised countries such as India. A much over-looked category of Indian writing in English is poetry. As stated above, Rabindranath Tagore wrote in Bengali and English and was responsible for the translations of his own work into English. Other early notable poets in English include Derozio, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Toru Dutt, Romesh Chunder Dutt, Sri Aurobindo, Sarojini Naidu, and her brother Harindranath Chattopadhyay. A generation of exiles also sprang from the Indian diaspora. Among these are names like Agha Shahid Ali, Sujata Bhatt, Richard Crasta, Yuyutsu Sharma and Vikram Seth. In modern times, Indian poetry in English was typified by two very different poets. Dom Moraes, winner of the Hawthornden Prize at the age of 19 for his first book of poems A Beginning went on to occupy a pre-eminent position among Indian poets writing in English. Nissim Ezekiel, who came from India’s tiny Bene Israel Jewish community, created a voice and place for Indian poets writing in English and championed their work. A significant and torch bearer poet is Nissim Ezekiel. Recent Indian English poetry adds to, what O. P. Bhatnagar terms as, a process of collective discovery, affirming its richness, sensitivity and cultural complexity. If we examine the potential of the poery-making mind in English, we should now discover aspects of the essentially assimilative genius of the Indian people, snf a celebration of the vast chorus of voices that make Indian literature sing. These poets write with an awareness of their milieu and environment rather than British or American rhetoric or intellectual attitudes like alienation or exile. They share the central core of contemporary realities of Indian life. The Indo – Anglian poetry is said to be essentially Indian and everything else afterwards. It expresses the essence of Indian personality and is also very sensitive to the changes of its national climate and it voices the aspirations and the joys and sorrows of Indians. It has been opined, that the Indo – Anglian poets are of two factions. The neo-modernists and the neo-symbolists. The outlook of the former is coloured by humanism and irony and that of the latter is imbued with mysticism and sublimity, but a perfect blend is achieved by the two groups in the realms of beauty. A perfect example, of anlndo – Anglian poet, who was able to arrive at a synthesis between the two factions of poetry, is none other than Sarojini Naidu, for she took her stance in the neutral, middle ground, between the sacred and profane sphere of poetry she was at home in both the worlds and found them united in the realms of poetry. Nissim Ezekiel occupies an important place in post-Independence Indian English literature. He has wielded a great influence as a leading poet, editor and an occasional playwright. Besides, he is a well-known critic. Sometimes he also emerges as a politician in the guise of a fighter for cultural freedom in India. Ezekiel held many important positions. He was for many years a Professor of English in Bombay University. He is a noted name in the field of journalism. In this capacity he was editor of many journals including Poetry India (1966-67), Quest (1955-57) and Imprint (1961-70), He was an Associate Editor to the Indian P. E. N. , Bombay. Considered to be the Father of post independence Indian verse in English, Nissim Ezekiel was a prolific poet, playwright, critic, broadcaster and social commentator. He was born on December24, 1924 in a Jew family. His father was a professor of botany and mother was principal of her own school. Ezekiel was inclined to the poets such as T. S. Eliot. Yeats, Ezra Pound in his school days. The influence of all these literary personalities was apparent in his early works. His formal use of the English language was linked to colonialism and resulted in controversy. His first collection of poetry ‘Time To Change’ was published by Fortune Press (London) in 1952. His poetry has all the elements of love, loneliness, lust, and creativity. Nissim Ezekiel went on to join The Illustrated Weekly of India as an assistant editor in 1953. ‘Sixty Poems’ was his next book followed by ‘The Unfinished Man’. Nissim Ezekiel started writing in formal English but with the passage of time his writing underwent a metamorphosis. As the time passed he acknowledged that ‘the darkness has its own secrets which light does not know. His poem ‘The Night Of Scorpion’ is considered to be one of the best works in Indian English poetry and is used as a study material in India and British schools. Nissim Ezekiel worked as an advertising copywriter and general manager of a picture frame company . He was the art critic of The Times Of India (1964-66) and editor of The Poetry India(1966-67). He was also the co-founder of the literary monthly Imprint. Ezekiel was awarded the Sahitya Akademi award in 1983. In 1988 he received another honor,Padma Shri, for his contribution to the Indian English writing.  He passed away on January 9, 2004, in Mumbai after a prolonged illness. As a man of letters Nissim Ezekiel is a ‘Protean’ figure. His achievements as a poet and playwright are considerable. K. Balachandran writes, â€Å"The post-Independence Indian poetry saw its new poetry in the fifties. Among the new poets A. K. Ramanujan, R. Parthasarathy, Shiv K. Kumar, Kamala Das, Monica Verma, O. P. Bhatnagar, Gauri Deshpande, Adil Jussawalla, Ezekiel occupies a prominent place. His versatile genius can be found in his poetry, plays, criticism, journalism and translation. Nissim Ezekiel has done a good work in Indian writing in English. He has written many volumes of poems—A Time to Change (1952), Sixty Poems (1953), The Third (1959), The Unfinished Man (1960), The Exact Name (1965) and others. His plays Nalini, Marriage Poem, The Sleep-Walkers, Songs of Deprivation and Who Needs No Introduction are already staged and published. He has also edited books Indian Writers in Conference (1964), Writing in India (1965), An Emerson Reader (1965), A M artin Luther King Reader (1965) and Arthur Miller’s All My Sons (1972). His literary essays published in magazines and papers are innumerable. The notable among them are ‘Ideas and Modern Poetry’ (1964), ‘The Knowledge of Dead Secrets’ (1965), ‘Poetry as Knowledge’ (1972), ‘Sri Aurobindo on Poetry’ (1972), ‘Should Poetry be Read to Audience? ‘ (1972), ‘K. N. Daruwalla’ (1972), ‘Poetry and Philosophy,’ ‘Hindu Society’ (1966). He has written essays on art criticism ‘Modern Art in India’ (1970), ‘How Good is Sabavala? ‘ (1973), and ‘Paintings of the Year 1973’ (1973). His e s s a y s o n social criticism Thoreau and Gandhi’ (1971), ‘Censorship and the Writer’ (1963), ‘How Normal is Normality’ (1972), ‘Tradition and All That a Case Against the Hippies’ (1973), ‘A Question of Sanity’ (1972) and ‘Our Academic Community’ (1968) are varied and auto telic of his wide interest. Ezekiel is an editor of several journals encouraging writing poetry, plays and criticisrm He also asked many writers for translation, affecting the theory and practice of the young poets. The writers like Rilke and W. B. Yeats influenced Ezekiel. Like Yeats, he treated poetry as the ‘record of the mind’s growth. ‘ His poetic bulk indicates his growth as a poet-critic and shows his personal importance. Chetan Karnani states, â€Å"At the centre was that sincere devoted mind that wanted to discover itself. In the process, he managed to forge a unique achievement of his own. † The poet Ezekiel has already published several volumes of poems. For him poetry-writing was a lofty vocation, a way of life. He treated life as a journey where poetry would be the main source of discovering and organising one’s own self. In a sense, poetry to Ezekiel became a way for self-realisation. He calls life a texture of poetry. He identifies himself with poetry. So all of his volumes of verse are well-knit and they are in the poet’s view, a continuation of each other. Ezekiel’s experiments in prose rhythms and his fine sense of structure and metrical ability. The verse rhythms of T. S. Eliot seem to haunt hi s mind. Ezekiel’s Si x t y Poems (1953), his second volume of poems was published in 1953. But these poems are loose in structure and they are less appealing. Night of the Scorpion’, in which Ezekiel recalls the behaviour of ‘the peasants’, his father, his mother and a holy man when his mother was poisoned by a scorpion’s sting. Here the aim is to find poetry in ordinary reality as observed, known, felt, experienced rather than as the intellect thinks it should be. While the peasants pray and speak of incarnations, his father, ‘sceptic, rationalist’, tries ‘every curse and blessing, powder, mixture, herb and hybrid’ and a holy man performs a rite. After a day the poison is no longer felt and, in a final irony, his mother, in contrast to the previous feverish activity centred upon her, makes a typical motherly comment: My mother only said Thank God the scorpion picked on me and spared my children. The ‘Thank God’ is doubly ironic as it is a commonplace expression of speech in contrast to all the previous religious and superstitious activity. Ezekiel’s purpose is not, however, an expression of scepticism but rather the exact notation of what he saw as a child. The aim is not to explain but to make real by naming, by saying ‘common things’. The poem is a new direction, a visionof ordinary reality, especially of Indian life, unmediated by cold intellect. The new purpose is seen in the poem’s style, unrhymed, with line lengths shaped by natural syntactical units and rhythm created by the cadences of the speaking voice into a long verse paragraph, rather than the stanzaic structure used in earlier poems. In his poetry there is the truth of acknowledging what is felt and experienced in its complexity, contradictions, pleasures, fears and disillusionments without preconceived ideas of what poetry should say about the poet and life. Nissim Ezekiel’s ‘Night of The Scorpion’ is much appreciated by the critics and it has found place in many anthologies for as excellence, Critics, commenting on its aesthetic beauty expressed different views. In their critical sweep, they brought everything from superstitious ritualism to modern rationalism. One can find that in the poem superstitious ritualism or sceptic rationalism or even the balance of the both with expression of Indian ethos through maternal love in the Indian way, is nothing but scratching the surface. The poem has something more gigantic than its face value, which as I find is the symbolic juxtaposition of the forces of darkness and light that is intrinsically centripetal in the poem. It is ‘Night’ of The Scorpion’ with the first word absorbing accent. It seems to have been implicitly contrived here that ‘Night should stand as a symbol of darkness with the ‘Scorpion’ as the symbol of evil. Such ingenuity in craftsmanship takes the poem to the higher level of understanding. Prof. Birje Patil is right in putting that in â€Å"Night of The Scorpion†, where evil is symbolized by the scorpion, The reader made to participate in the ritual as well as suffering through’ a vivid evocation of the poison moving in the mother’s blood’. And evil has always been associated with darkness, the seamy side of our life, in human psyche. It has always been the integral part of theology, in whatever form it has manifested that suffering helps in removing that darker patch in human mind, he patch that has been a besetting sin of man’s existence. May the sum of evil Balanced in this unreal world gainst the sum of good become diminished by your pain, they said These lines amply testify that the poem aims at achieving something higher than its narrative simplicity. The choric refrain ‘they said’ in the chain of reactions made by the village peasants is undoubtedly ironic, but the poet hasn’t as much to stress the concept of sin, redemption or rebirth ass he has to insinuate the indomitable force of darkness gripping the minds of the unenlightened. Going through the poem attentively more than once, it can’t fail catching our notice that modern rationalism is also equally shallow and perverse. It is also a road leading to confusion where through emerges scepticism, the other darker patch on our modernized existence. The image of the father in this poem speaks volumes for this capsizing modernism which sandwiches in its arm- space the primitive and the perverted. The â€Å"sceptic rationalist’ father trying ‘powder, mixture, herb and hybrid’ bears upon human primitivism and when he experiments with ‘a little paraffin upon a bitten toe and put a match to it he becomes a symbol of perversion in the modern man’s psyche. Christopher Wiseman puts it, â€Å"†¦ fascinating tension between personal crisis and mocking social observation†Ã¢â‚¬  ; neither there is any personal crisis. On the other hand there is spiritual compassion and an intense urge for getting rid of this psychological syndrome that the whole modern world ha s b e e n caught, the slow-moving poison of this syndromic scorpion into the very veins of creation, the image o f the mother in agony nullifying the clear vision of human thought and enveloping the whole of humanity In the darker shades of confusion more chaolic, troubles the poet as much sharply as the sting of the poisonous worm. There is crisis, but it is the crisis of human existence thaat needs lo be overcome. The poet, though a distant observer, doesn’t take a stance of detachment. On the exact opposite, he watches with curiosity â€Å"the flame feeding on my mother’, but being uncertain whether the paraffin flame would cleanse her of the ugony of the absorbing poison, he loses himself in a thoughtful trance. The whole poem abounds with these two symbols of darkness and light. In the very beginning the poet has ushered in this symbolic juxta position and then as the poem advanced, built upon it the whole structure of his fascinating architecture in the lines. Ten hours of steady rain had driven him to crawl beneath a sack of rice parting with his poison – flash of diabolic tail in the dark room he risked the rain again. The incessant rain stands for the hope and regeneration where with is juxtaposed the destructive hurdles to fruitfy that hope. But the constructive, life giving rain continuoues and the evil, having fulfilled its parts, departs. Then afterwards other hurdels more preying than the first, come in. More candles, more lanterns, more neighbours more insects, and the endless rain My mother twisted through and through groaning on a mat. The symbols of light and darkness, candles lanterns, neighbours and insects and rain again are notworthy. But the force of light gains a width handover the evil force and life is restored once again in its joyous stride and this life long struggle between forces of darkness and light reaches a crescendo when – after twenty hours It lost its sting. Here, In the above lines, lies the beuaty of the poem, when the ascending steps of darkness, being chased by the force of following light are ripped down; when at last on the peak the chaser wins and the chased slips down. The man who has not understood what motherhood is. might be taken in by such expression of motherly love. But I convincingly feel that any woman would have exclaimed the same thing as the mother in this poem did. In my view, it would have been truly Indian had the mother in her tortures remembered her children and though helplessly, had she desired to protect them lest the scorpion might catch them unawres. Anyway, the beauty of the poem remains- unmarred by such revision. The poem is a thing of beauty par excellence.

Free Essays on Selective Mutism in Children

Selective Mutism in Children Selective mutism is an acquired disorder, in which a child is capable of speaking, and does so in many instances, but fails to speak in select situations where communication will typically occur. (Book) Selective mutism implies that a child suffering from this disorder does not choose to be silent, but rather become mute in situations that cause him/her to be anxious. (4) One of the most important aspects of defining this disorder is that the failure to speak is not due to the child’s lack of knowledge of spoken language or a communication disorder, but rather the psychological aspects of socialization. (8) Tramer initially labeled the disorder â€Å"elective mutism† in 1934, a term that is still used outside of North America, and it was viewed as a defiant behavior to overprotective and/or controlling parent(s). (7) In 1994, American Psychiatric Association, renamed the disorder â€Å"Selective Mutism† since the title was more appropriate for emphasizing that a child becomes mute in select social situations and not when he/she chooses not to communicate.(7) When exposed to new situations or overcoming a traumatic episode children often go through a phase of adjustment, where they may not speak for some period of time. (Book) This will not be termed selective mutism because of its course of development and etiology is different and will be managed in another way. (Book) Studies are still being conducted to figure out the minimum amount of time that a child has to be silent before he/she is diagnosed with selective mutism. For instance in a study by Brown and Lloyd, in 1975, came out with statistics regarding the number of children in school during their first year of school. (Book) When 6,072 children, that began the school year in silence, were observed started speaking with in a 32-40 week period. After an eight week period 42 children were silent, after 32 weeks 4 children and after 64 weeks only o... Free Essays on Selective Mutism in Children Free Essays on Selective Mutism in Children Selective Mutism in Children Selective mutism is an acquired disorder, in which a child is capable of speaking, and does so in many instances, but fails to speak in select situations where communication will typically occur. (Book) Selective mutism implies that a child suffering from this disorder does not choose to be silent, but rather become mute in situations that cause him/her to be anxious. (4) One of the most important aspects of defining this disorder is that the failure to speak is not due to the child’s lack of knowledge of spoken language or a communication disorder, but rather the psychological aspects of socialization. (8) Tramer initially labeled the disorder â€Å"elective mutism† in 1934, a term that is still used outside of North America, and it was viewed as a defiant behavior to overprotective and/or controlling parent(s). (7) In 1994, American Psychiatric Association, renamed the disorder â€Å"Selective Mutism† since the title was more appropriate for emphasizing that a child becomes mute in select social situations and not when he/she chooses not to communicate.(7) When exposed to new situations or overcoming a traumatic episode children often go through a phase of adjustment, where they may not speak for some period of time. (Book) This will not be termed selective mutism because of its course of development and etiology is different and will be managed in another way. (Book) Studies are still being conducted to figure out the minimum amount of time that a child has to be silent before he/she is diagnosed with selective mutism. For instance in a study by Brown and Lloyd, in 1975, came out with statistics regarding the number of children in school during their first year of school. (Book) When 6,072 children, that began the school year in silence, were observed started speaking with in a 32-40 week period. After an eight week period 42 children were silent, after 32 weeks 4 children and after 64 weeks only o...

Consolidated Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Consolidated Life - Essay Example Trying to attempt the behavior of Jack was not a smart thing to do; Mike would have been better served to try to get Jack onside rather than making an enemy out of him. Although his plans would have had to of changed, at least with Jack as an ally Mike could have made the Supervisors Forum work better. If I was Mike then I would have sat down for an informal one-on-one meeting with Jack Greely right at the very start to deal with any problems that may exist between the pair. It is better to sort out differences before starting to work together, so this could have avoided crashing later on. It does not have to be Mike or Jack; in fact, it could be a win-win situation where both of them got what they wanted. Mike would describe the organizational culture at Consolidated Life very different to how he left it when he temporarily moved away. Before there is a carefree approach present in the workplace environment, but now with Jack Greely in charge there is much more structure and organization to the firm. Due to Mike laidback personality, he finds it difficult to thrive in an environment that appears to be so stifling to him. However, this is the way that Jack works so there is little point in complaining about it. Going to Rick to express some concerns would be a waste of time because it seems like Rick sees something in Jack that he likes. Mike needs to realize that the game has changed and he has to be the one to adapt and fit it; not the other way around. Every employee has a huge responsibility to read a firms culture and adjust to it. This is something that every employee should look to focus on when they first enter a workplace. Organizational success comes directly from the team culture that is established.  

The Role of Formal Devices in the Poetry of Marianne Moore Essay

The Role of Formal Devices in the Poetry of Marianne Moore - Essay Example She was not merely satisfied with examination issues that other artists were. She collected inspiration from sketches, drawings, sculpture and photographs. She found a wealth of creative energy in normal American life, industry, and the natural varied landscape found in United States. Moore also explore gender and equality issues, which were both risky and subjected her to criticism. Her passion for creating and relating striking visual images is demonstrated in all of her poetry. Moore approach also utilized classical rigid structure. She would create a poem that visually looked like free verse. However, the internal rhyme scheme revealed rigid structure and attention to detail. "Poetry" by Moore references her dislike for critics because of their treatment for her as a young poet. She makes fun of them in the poem. She comments that critics are unnatural creates like the swan intentional stops itself from holding back what comes down the stream. The critic becomes irritated when he reads her words, like a horse that feels a flea"; like him-like "all of us"-the swan does "not admire what / [it] cannot understand," and wants nothing to do with what the poet has to offer. This poem is obviously personal and regardless of Moore choice of formal devices, the poetry is not contrived and related unresolved emotions over rejection and insult (Slatin 15). "The Steeple-Jack" by

Reflection 03081 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection 03081 - Essay Example The presentation that we gave was about the first industrial revolution. The most important objective was to highlight the noteworthy inventions that were made in this period and what has happened since then. Tasks were assigned to individuals equally in order to ensure successful completion of the project. There was three group members, one was given the task to do the research and collect data, the second group member was reasonable for designing the presentation and I was give the task of writing the slide contents. The following sections will include the interpretation and outcome of our group efforts. As mentioned above, we were tasked with the preparation of a PowerPoint presentation regarding the first industrial revolution. We decided to conduct group meetings every alternative day in the week in order to discuss our individual progress regarding the overall presentation. The division of work was done very effectively as each of us go the work that we do best. However, one of the major drawbacks of our group was that no one was clearly defined as the leader. Although we were making individual progress there was no leader who would give proper direction to the flow of our work. Occasionally we have conflict of issues which deviate us from the actual path of the assignment’s objective. I decided to implement the ideas the Tuckman teamwork theory. It was extremely important for me to make sure that the team go through all the four phases of team development mentioned in this theory (forming, storming norming and performing). I witnessed that initially the group members were finding it difficult to gel in with each other. So I decided to clarify the overall objective of the team in order to make sure that group members work towards a unified goal. This helped me to establish coordination among the team members once they started to feel comfortable within the group (Riebe, et al.,

Advantages of Human Genetic Engineering Essay Example for Free

Advantages of Human Genetic Engineering Essay Genetic engineering in its present form has been around for approximately twenty five years. The dictionary defines human genetic engineering as the alteration of an individuals genotype with the aim of choosing the phenotype of a newborn or changing the existing phenotype of a child or adult. There are many social consequences that are associated with genetic engineering which has caused much debate from its beginning in 1970s. The benefits of human genetic engineering are endless, the most predominant advantages include curing genetic diseases, increasing human immunity, and the production of more effective pharmaceuticals. The most promising benefit of human genetic engineering is gene therapy. Gene therapy is the medical treatment of a disease by repairing or replacing defective genes or introducing therapeutic genes to fight the disease. Over the past ten years, certain autoimmune diseases diseases resulting from a disordered immune system reaction and heart disease have been treated with gene therapy. Many diseases, such as Huntingtons disease, Lou Gehrigs disease, or. ALS, and cystic fibrosis are caused by a defective gene. The hope is that soon, through genetic engineering, a cure can be found for these diseases by either inserting a corrected gene, modifying the defective gene, or even performing genetic surgery. Eventually the hope is to completely eliminate certain genetic diseases as well as treat non-genetic diseases with an appropriate gene therapy. Gene therapy researchers are also studying ways to improve a patients immune response to cancer. In this approach, the treatment is used to stimulate the bodys natural ability to attack cancer cells. In one method, researchers take a small blood sample from a patient and insert genes that will cause each cell to produce a protein called a T-cell receptor, or TCR, which is responsible for recognizing antigens and disease fighting antibodies. The genes are transferred into the patients white blood cells and are then given back to the patient. In the body the TCRs then recognize and attach to certain molecules found on the surface of the tumor cells. Finally, the TCRs activate the white blood cells to attack and kill the tumor cells. Scientists are also investigating the insertion of genes into cancer cells to make them more sensitive to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or other treatments. In other studies, researchers remove healthy blood-forming stem cells from the body, insert a gene that makes these cells more resistant to the side effects of high doses of anticancer drugs, and then inject the cells back into the patient. Human genetic engineering can also be used as a disease preventative by increasing ones immunity. People infected with a serious illness may not show symptoms of the disease for long periods of time. These latent, or inactive, infections can develop into an active disease without warning and also can be passed on to others. This new approach focuses on controlling or stimulating the immune system to cure latent infections and prevent them from causing disease. This research in immunity has the potential to significantly reduce illness, death, and disease transmission. An example of this preventative application is the improvement in the treatment of HIV. The AIDS/HIV disease is a viral infection that destroys immune responses. The disease can be treated with drugs, however these drugs do not eliminate the virus from the body. Currently a patient must remain on these drugs for the remainder of their life. The purpose of genetic engineerings pre-clinical studies is to advance towards clinical trials with a cell-based method of enhancing the patients own immune response against the virus. This approach involves identifying anti-HIV receptors that will be introduced into the patients own blood-forming stem cells. This approach has the potential to provide long-term immune control of virus replication, and may require only one or a few administrations. Another benefit from the study of human gene altering is with the creation of new drugs. Pharmaceutical advances in genetic engineering have made it possible to use plants as factories for protein production. Plant-made pharmaceuticals are made by inserting a segment of DNA that encodes the protein of choice into plant cells. The plants or plant cells are essentially factories used to produce the desired proteins and are only grown for the purpose of human pharmaceuticals. An example of this pharmaceutical application is gene splicing, one of the earliest uses of genetic engineering. Gene splicing was first used to manufacture large amounts of insulin, which was made using cells of E. coli bacteria. Interferon, which is used to eliminate certain viruses and kill cancer cells, is also a product of genetic engineering. Another byproduct is a type of human growth hormone; its used to treat dwarfism and is produced through genetically engineered bacteria and yeasts. Today, research in the field of human genetic engineering continues to be used in the production of a variety of drugs and hormones for medical advantages. Human genetic engineering the application of scientific methods, procedures, and technologies that allow manipulation of genetic material in order to alter the hereditary traits is a topic that had been debated about for many years. The field of human genetic engineering is growing and changing at a tremendous pace. Future advance in genetic engineering could possibly eliminate diseases, deformities, prolong life, and overall improve human life.

Ageing Experience And Psychological Well Being Social Work Essay

Ageing Experience And Psychological Well Being Social Work Essay There are two potential determinates that might influence quality of life and psychological well-being of elderly people. Firstly there are the objective factors that are income, health, status and age and intuitively, usually having more of these things means greater quality of life. However, in various research based on happiness of the elderly people, objective factors are less powerful than one might expect as Lyubomirsky et al; cited in the research article titled Psychological Acceptance and quality Of Life in the Elderly,'(2007). The research suggested that objective factors account for about 8 to 15 % of the difference in happiness. So, Do people get less happy as they get older? and their well- being while ageing has been discussed by various researchers in order to define the concept of successful ageing but there is still a lack of consensus on what defines a successful ageing. The various researches on the relationship between old age and well-being have been at many time s assessed through life satisfaction, happiness and morale. 2.2 Theories of ageing In attempting to explain the ageing process and moreover the elderly experience with family support in this particular study, the theories of ageing, which describes the ageing process and what it implies will be taken into account. 2.2.1 Activity theory, developed by Havighurst and associates in 1953, asserts that remaining active and engaged with society is primordial to satisfaction in old age. The theory asserts that positive relationships in the aged individuals level of participation in social activity leads to life satisfaction as active aging equals successful aging. Activity can be physical or intellectual in nature so as to replace those interests and relationships that have been diminished or lost over time. This theory proposes that elderly people need to remain active in a variety of social spheres as for instance with family or friends because activity is preferable to inactivity as it facilitates well-being on multiple levels that is assuming that activity is vital to well-being. Activity theory proposes that social activity and involvement with others results in an increased ability to cope with aging, improved self-concept, and enhanced emotional adjustment to the aging process (Lee, 1985). 2.2.2 Disengagement theory was proposed by Cumming and Henry (1961). This theory states that aging is an inevitable, mutual withdrawal or disengagement; resulting in decreased interaction between the ageing person and others in the social system he belongs to (Cumming and Henry, 1961, p.2). Disengagement theory thus assumes that social involvement decreases with aging and that successful ageing is best achieved through abandoning social roles and relationships and by the individual reducing both activities and involvement. Proponents of this theory maintain that this separation is desired by society and older adults, and serves as such to maintain social equilibrium. While high morale is evident at the completion of the process, the transition is characterized by low morale. However, this theory has been strongly criticized by researchers who found a lack of evidence from older people disengaging from their surroundings. Whereas older people social relationships change and that they possibly have fewer ties, it was found that these relationships were often deeper and more significant. 2.2.3 The Continuity theory states that as elderly adults adapt to changes associated with the normal ageing process, they will attempt to rely on existing resources and comfortable coping strategies. This theory of aging states that older adults will actually maintain the same activities, behaviours, and relationships as they usually did in their earlier years of life. As older adults try to maintain this continuity of lifestyle by adapting strategies that are linked to their past experiences, decisions and behaviours will form the foundation for their present behaviour. Continuity of self which occurs in two domains: internal and external is thus important. Whereas internal continuity occurs when one wants to preserve some aspects of oneself from the past so that the past is sustaining and supporting ones new self, external continuity involves maintaining social relationships, roles and environments such that internal and external continuity are maintained, life satisfaction is hig h. 2.2.4 R.Weiss (1974) put forward a theory about provision of support from close relatives and relationships.  According to Weiss, these provisions reflect what we receive from relationships with other people. He maintains that the elderly require six main social provisions to maintain well-being and avoid loneliness. They are the assistance-related that is reliable person and guidance as well as non- assistance related one namely social integration, reassurance or worth, nurturance and attachment. These components provided by close relationships mainly provide and guarantee support to people as those people who lack the social support experience negative effects. He argues that individuals must maintain a number of relationships in order to maintain psychological well-being. Weiss holds that multiple needs must be satisfied by an individuals support network. In that respect, social provisions may be provided by friends but more often are provided by family members who are usually t he primary source of support in old age. 2.2.5 One of the first theoretical frameworks to focus on interpersonal relationships was proposed by Kahn and Antonucci (1980): the convoys of social relationships. They stated that social support is primordial to the individual in describing it to include attachment, roles and social support. Social support is viewed as interpersonal relationships that include these following components: affect affirmation and aid. Their basic idea is to view social connections and social support as a lifetime and ongoing set of relationships which generally serves to enrich, fortify and reassure people. The convoy model assumes that all people need social relations and that it is important because they have favourable effects on health and well-being. Despite being dynamic and lifelong in nature, Kahn and Antonucci suggest that losses and gains in convoys could have a variety of causes. It was hypothesized that social relations were more psychological than physical, and therefore, would affect psy chological or mental health, that is, depression, life satisfaction or happiness rather than physical health. (Antonucci, Fuhrer Dartigues, 1997; Fratiglioni, Wang, Ericsson, MAytan, Winblad, 2000) 2.3 Social Support My family has always been an essential part of my life, but the older you get; the more you feel how much you need each other. As long as you are together, it is like a growing tree the longer the tree is there, the stronger the branches become and the more you are knit into one. So, the more you are together, the more you realize how important it is to be together and stay together. -66 year old married father of two. (Cited in Family ties and ageing, Connidis, 2007, p3) Worldwide the family is the primary caregiver to the elderly. This reality transcends culture, politics and economic circumstances in spite of a wide variation in the way care is provided in different societies. However, almost everywhere round the world, support often flows in only one direction. Many older people receive financial help from their adult children but what about their help in terms of the social support in order to ensure healthy psychological ageing? Social support is defined as the individual belief that one is cared for and loved, esteemed and valued, and belongs to a network of communication and mutual obligations. (Cobb, 1976). Some experts suggest that social support provides a sense of connectedness to ones social group, which results in feelings of well being (Ryan. 1995). As people become old, social relationships often change and that they sometimes have fewer social ties, it was found that these relationships are often deeper and more meaningful to them, (Helmuth 2003). Maintaining relationships with their families and their friends is important to the vast majority of elderly persons. Rosenmayr (1968) found that, though they may not want to live with them, they do maintain contact with their children. Shanas (1967) found, in a study of elderly persons in three societies, that they generally live near at least one of their children. These relations seem to be at a large extent important, if not vital, to the elderly as the experience of ageing often requires them relationships and families support to evolve and adapt or cope with the challenges of the transition. Observers and various researches have showed that the loss of important relationships leads to feelings of emptiness and depression (Freud, 1917/1957; Bowlby, 1980). The interplay between relationships and various domains of life is complex as older adults reporting a greater number of social ties have been shown to have lower mortality risks, and both social integration and social support have been associated with mental and physical health outcomes (reviewed in Berkman 1995; Cohen Herbert 1996; Seeman 1996). Social support provided to the elderly parents by family members is thus proven to have positive consequences on the elderly in many ways. Moreover, a considerable number of researches show that social support is the key determinant of successful ageing (Rowe Kahn1998; Leviatan 1999; Unger et al, 1999; Seeman et al, 2001b). Persons involved with positive relationships are often less affected by everyday problems, are said to be more effective, and to act with greater sense of control or independence. Those without relationships often become isolated, cynical, mistrusting and depressed whereas those caught in poor relationships tend to dev elop and maintain negative perceptions of self, find life less satisfying. The usefulness of social support for dealing with illness has also been repeatedly shown, suggesting that a positive social environment encourages health and well- being whether or not stress is present. Social support is thus an important factor that may buffer the ill effects of stress on mental and physical health. 2.4 Lack of social support According to many researchers, the absence of social support is linked to various illness and poor quality of life in old age. Depression and loneliness are the most common in the elderly. Findings of depression and lack of social support are often interrelated due to the often inseparable nature of the two variables. There is also a clear link between chronic disease and depression, with those in nursing homes showing higher rates than those living in their own house. Depression as well as loneliness has been discussed by researchers and it was found that elderly people mostly suffer from these two major problems besides physical problems. The most firmly establishes link between of elderly parents and their psychological well-being in old age is that they basically suffer from loneliness and depression. Some research has shown that elderly individuals who have not maintained contact with family members are at a higher risk of developing depression, personality disorders and other c ognitive or behavioural issues. The physical as well as psychological state of the elderly parent is put at risk when he or she is not in contact with other individuals and especially the family. It is observed that if communication is done on a daily basis with family members, there is a better maintenance of the elderly psychological well-being as friends and family become often the sole support system for the elderly. According to American Geriatrics Society, depression can affect 40% of nursing homes residents in a given year which is often undiagnosed and untreated or treated as a normal component of ageing. A growing number of studies and articles have been published in that respect and shows how social support is beneficial to the elderly. For instance, there is a published thesis submitted in 2010 in Canada, titled Social support, loneliness and depression in the elderly. In this study, the association between loneliness and depressive symptoms was explored in 54 elderly residents living in both nursing and retirement homes out of 62 interviewed. The findings demonstrate that loneliness remained a significant risk factor for depressive symptoms, even after controlling other demographic variables such as age, gender, length of stay, time of interview and institution. This finding is consistent with a qualitative study by Barg et al. (2006), which suggests that loneliness in older adults is closely tied to depression. In this particular study, the author found that loneliness is easily mapped onto standard assessments of depression and hopelessness in the population, thus showing strong correlation between loneliness and depression. The Evaluation of depression in elderly people living in nursing homes, involving 35 people by Aribi L et al; publishes in October 2010 in Tunisia had for main aim to determine the prevalence of depression in old people living in a nursing home and to evaluate the degree of their autonomy. A descriptive and analytical survey was carried out on 35 old people at a nursing home in Sfax, Tunisia. The study was evaluated by using two scales specific to the geriatric practice: The scale of depression: GDS (geriatric depression Scale) applied to 30 items and the scale of autonomy: IADL (Instrumental Activities of Daily Living). Results were as such the examined population was composed of 35 people aged from 65 to 9, 51.4% of the residents were in a state of depression. Depression was more frequent in female subjects however (58.8% of women compared to 44.4% of men and it was concluded that depression in the elderly is related to several depressive factors particularly for patients living in institution. Anxiety and depression are thus very common in elderly living in nursing homes. Studies have shown a relatively low prevalence of anxiety disorders in older individuals but that among elderly, anxiety disorders occur two to seven times more often than depression problems. The rate of anxiety disorders may be even higher among elderly living at institutional settings. Another study which support that view is that of study Anxiety and Loneliness in Lone Elderly done by T.T.A Rahman which evaluated the prevalence of anxiety and depression in lone elderly living at their own homes and those going to geriatric clubs regularly or living at geriatric home. There was 164 lone elderly participants from geriatric clubs named group I and 168 lone elderly participants from geriatric homes, group II were included in this study. Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were used for detection of anxiety depression respectively. Results were as follow: The co-occurrence of anxie ty and depression is 34.1% 57.1% in group I and group II respectively, while depression is actually 22.0% 23.8% and anxiety is 2.4% 1.2% in group I group II respectively. Living at geriatric homes and age group 60 to 70 are independent risk factors for anxiety, depression or mixed anxiety and depression. It was concluded that lone elderly, living at institutional settings such as geriatric homes is an independent risk factor for anxiety, depression or mixed anxiety and depression. Mixed anxiety and depression is more prevalent than anxiety or depression per se. Another survey conducted by Agewell Research Advocacy Centre released by the Canadian Institute for Health Information recently, found that about one in four (26 per cent) seniors living in a residential care facility, such as a nursing home or long-term care home, had been diagnosed with depression. A further 18 per cent had symptoms of depression but had not been diagnosed. Many of these residents dealt with persistent anger, tearfulness and repetitive anxiety, yet had not received a diagnosis. The problem is a serious one because, as the researchers note, depression can have serious effects on a seniors medical condition, their emotional state and general quality of life as seniors with symptoms of depression are more likely to display aggressive behaviour and may be three times more likely to have sleep disturbances while having difficulty to communicate. Different factors can contribute to the development of a depressive disorder that may include feelings of hopelessness, self- blame and loneliness, possibly accompanied by physical symptoms such as poor sleep, decreased appetite and lack of energy, often leading to social withdrawal. The researchers note that there is a perception that depression is a natural part of aging. Thats because a number of factors associated with late-life, depression is common among older people, such as: illness, loss of family, friends, social support or independence. But they note that depression can shorten lives. In studies of the effects of depression on seniors, the odds of dying were 1.5 to 2 times greater in elderly people with depression compared to those without. According to  Himanshu Rath, Founder Chairman of Agewell Foundation,  Depression is quite common among many of the people, particularly in old age. It is a major social challenge that cannot and should not be ignored. However, to fight Depression in Old Age, both the suffering older persons and the family members need to join hands and work together to bring back the golden happy times, from a Survey on Depression in old age published in September 18, 2010. 2.4 Rationale of the study There are many researches as such that have examined the importance of single, close, personal relationship related to elderly people which put forward that family support acts as a buffer against psychological illness. Family support promotes higher morale and lower levels of loneliness and social isolation in old age. Older people who lack confidants report more psychological distress and higher rates of depression (Hays et al. 1998). It is thus true on one hand that relationship and especially with family is important for older adults as social isolation may be devastating especially in old age but on the other hand can social relationships have negative impacts on people? Although a great deal of research have focussed on the positive effects that social support can have on adults, recently researchers have urged greater attention to the negative side of informal relationships. Since Rook (1984) demonstrated that social relationships can adversely influence the psychological well -being of older adults, several investigators have examined the effects of both positive and negative social ties in later life. (Ingersoll-Dayton, Morgan Antonucci, 1997; Okun Keith, 1998). Furthermore, in considering that the closeness and mutually supportive relationships that many adult children and elderly parents share may make the latter happier than those who do not have children, research on this issue has consistently demonstrated that individuals who are childless are as happy and well-adjusted as are parents, even in the later years. As people who are sixty-five or older and do not have children are more likely to report advantages than disadvantages of childlessness. Individuals who have remained childless have been found to develop social networks that compensate for the absence of support from adult children in terms of friends as some studies suggest that friends are more important than family to morale and well-being of the elderly (OConner, 1995). A realatively p opular research topic has been the well-being and resources of childless elderly. It seems safe to conclude that these people are at least as happy as older parents, andthat they are able to find alternate sources of emotional and instrumental support for their need (Beckman Houser, 1882; Johnson Catalano, 1981; Keit, 1983; Kivett Learner, 1980). The research put forward that instead of presence or absence of children, factors such as marital status, health and economic well-being are more strongly linked to the morale and life satisfaction of the older people. As Hoff and Tesch- Romer ( 2007: 77) has described: the relative importance of family relations and family support in contemporary societies may have diminished, but as empirical findings of many studies into the subject have shown, family relations have remained a reliable and stable source of support. For the majority of elderly people, ties with their children represent the most important component of their family network and social support. Since ageing is becoming an important aspect in the Mauritian context and that many studies relating to old age and relationships have not been conducted at the local level, it deems to be important to infer about the contributions of family support to the older persons psychological well-being.